Traditional computers process vast amount of information using bits, which are either 1 or 0. Quantum computer has the third state of superposition of state 1 and state 0.
This superposition of states makes the quantum computing a potential harbinger of revolutionary change in the world.
Quantum computers can solve for optimisation more easily than their classical counterparts. Classical computers take one of the possible solutions at a time to determine whether it’s the best solution or not. However, quantum computers are adept at considering multiple solutions at the same time, making them ideal computing model to solve such problems. For this reason, D-Wave, a Canadian quantum computing has begun to work with investment managers on the problem of portfolio designing. In order to generate the maximum returns for a given risk profile, a fund manager needs to not only choose among the thousands of available securities, but also minimize transaction costs by achieving the most optimal portfolio in the minimum number of trades.
Since quantum computers can show huge amount of parallelism, it can be used to crack algorithm of cryptography. However, it also provides the solution in the form of quantum cryptography. It is based on the fact that it is impossible to intercept the message without changing its credibility, rendering it useless to the eavesdropper.
The Future Chip 